Professor Aneel Karnani critiques the Bottom of the Pyramid (BOP) concept in a July 2006 paper, arguing it is "at best a harmless illusion and potentially a dangerous delusion." Prof. Karnani also argues against alleviating poverty by viewing the poor as consumers, and instead proposes viewing them as producers as a means of raising the real income of the poor. BOP theorist CK Prahalad (who happens to be a University of Michigan colleague of Prof. Karnani) responds to the three main lines of critique on the World Resources Institute NextBillion blog.